NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Conditions of a karyotype 2n +1, 2n –1 and 2n + 2, 2n – 2 are called Aneuploidy. Failure of segregation of chromatids during cell division cycle results in the gain or loss of a chromosome(s), called aneuploidy. 2n-2 is nullisomy and 2n+2 is tetrasomy.

Detailed explanation-2: -A diploid cell with an extra chromosome is trisomic (2n+1) So, the correct answer is ‘Monosomy’

Detailed explanation-3: -The different conditions of aneuploidy are: Nullisomy-the loss of both pairs of homologous chromosomes; individuals are called nullisomics and their chromosomal composition is 2N-2.

Detailed explanation-4: -Nullisomy is a genetic condition in which a pair of chromosomes is missing from the species (2n-2). It is a type of aneuploidy.

Detailed explanation-5: -Aneuploidy” refers to the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes. Monosomy (n-1) is a form of aneuploidy characterized by missing a single chromosome resulting in 45 total chromosomes. Trisomy (n+1) is another form of aneuploidy that has an extra chromosome resulting in 47 total chromosomes.