NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Through the fusion of sperm and egg, each parent contributes half of its genome (an organism’s entire repertoire of genes) to its offspring, but the composition of that half varies in each parental sex cell and hence in each cross.

Detailed explanation-2: -Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote. The fusion of the nuclei of male and female gametes is known as fertilization. Asexual reproduction does not involve gametes, instead parts of a mature organism may develop to new individuals.

Detailed explanation-3: -Each sex cell has only one chromosome from each pair. When they combine, each sex cell contributes half the number of chromosomes to produce offspring with the correct number of chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-4: -In the sexual mode of reproduction, new plants are produced through the fusion of female and male gametes which forms the embryo. This fusion of gametes gives rise to the seed which is the site that would bear the new plant structures in the future.

Detailed explanation-5: -Sexual reproduction also results in genetic variation among siblings. When a parent forms a gamete, only one chromosome from each homologous pair is included at random. So, an offspring might inherit a different combination of chromosomes (and alleles) compared to its siblings.