NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -If in a plant offspring, half are tall (which could be TT or Tt) and half are dwarf (which would be tt only), then the only possible combination for the genotype of parents would be Tt x tt which therefore would give Tt (tall) and tt (dwarf) offspring.

Detailed explanation-2: -In a cross between heterozygous tall plants (Tt) and a homozygous dwarf plant (tt), the ratio in the offspring shall be 1 tall : 1 dwarf. This is because the heterozygous plant will make two types of gametes, one type having T allele and the other having t allele. Hence, the correct answer is ‘1 tall : 1 dwarf’

Detailed explanation-3: -In pea plants, tall stem trait (T) is dominant over the dwarf stem trait (t). A cross involving homozygous tall and homozygous dwarf plants produce tall plants.

Detailed explanation-4: -"In peas, an allele for tall plants (T) is dominant over the allele for short plants (t). An allele of another independent gene (i.e, this gene is not located on the same chromosome as the gene for tallness) produces smooth peas (S) and is dominant over the allele for wrinkled peas (s).

Detailed explanation-5: -As shown in the figure a cross between two heterozygous tall plants results in 25% homozygous tall, 50% heterozygous tall and 25% dwarf plants. Thus the correct answer is option C.