NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An individual inherits two alleles, one from each parent, for any given genomic location where such variation exists. If the two alleles are the same, the individual is homozygous for that allele. If the alleles are different, the individual is heterozygous.

Detailed explanation-2: -Within an individual organism, the specific combination of alleles for a gene is known as the genotype of the organism, and (as mentioned above) the physical trait associated with that genotype is called the phenotype of the organism.

Detailed explanation-3: -Listen to pronunciation. (HEH-teh-roh-ZY-gus JEE-noh-tipe) The presence of two different alleles at a particular gene locus. A heterozygous genotype may include one normal allele and one mutated allele or two different mutated alleles (compound heterozygote).

Detailed explanation-4: -Although individual humans (and all diploid organisms) can only have two alleles for a given gene, multiple alleles may exist at the population level such that many combinations of two alleles are observed.

Detailed explanation-5: -Allelic variation describes the presence or number of different allele forms at a particular locus (locus or loci = place) on a chromosome (allelic variation is sometimes used more loosely to describe the overall diversity present).