GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
INHERITANCE AND VARIATION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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It can cause an individual to become better adapted over its lifetime.
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It always results in bigger, stronger individuals.
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It acts on existing heritable variation.
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It means that certain species have a programmed plan for evolution.
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Detailed explanation-1: -For natural selection to act on a feature, there must already be variation (differences among individuals) for that feature. Also, the differences have to be heritable, determined by the organisms’ genes.
Detailed explanation-2: -Natural selection acts on existing heritable variation. Natural selection needs some starting material, and that starting material is heritable variation. For natural selection to act on a feature, there must already be variation, and that variation must be able to be passed on to offspring.
Detailed explanation-3: -The answer is (a). Nature selection works on variation already present in a population. Option c would be correct if it stated that ‘Species/populations evolve through natural selection’. They do so because of the fact that natural selection works on variation already present in a population.
Detailed explanation-4: -Answer and Explanation: The correct answer is E) It requires genetic variation, results in descent with modification, and involves differential reproductive success.
Detailed explanation-5: -It can only act on heritable traits because organisms that are better suited to survival and reproduction will pass their genes onto the next generation. Only heritable traits, that can be passed on, have any affect on the next generation.