GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Polysome
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Polymer
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Polypeptide
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Okazaki fragment
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Detailed explanation-1: -A complex of ribosomes attached to a single strand of RNA (mRNA) molecule is known as polysome. They are found in the cytoplasm. Polysomes translate mRNA into a polypeptide chain.
Detailed explanation-2: -A polyribosome (or polysome or ergosome) is a group of ribosomes bound to an mRNA molecule like “beads” on a “thread”. It consists of a complex of an mRNA molecule and two or more ribosomes that act to translate mRNA instructions into polypeptides.
Detailed explanation-3: -Polysomes are macromolecular complexes made up of multiple ribosomes simultaneously translating a single mRNA into polypeptide chains. Together, the cellular mRNAs translated in this way are referred to ‘translatome. ‘ Translation determines a cell’s overall gene expression profile.
Detailed explanation-4: -Polysomes are ensembles of two or more consecutive ribosomes that translate mRNA into proteins. Adjacent ribosomes can affect the frequency with which a new ribosome is loaded into the polysome.
Detailed explanation-5: -When several ribosomes are attached to a single mRNA, it forms a chain which is known as polyribosomes or polysome. These ribosomes present in the form of polysome translate the mRNA into proteins.