NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In eukaryotic cells, RNA polymerase III performs the function of transcription of DNA to synthesize ribosomal 5S rRNA, tRNA and other small RNAs. This enzyme complex has a more limited role than the Pol III in prokaryotes. Thus the removal of RNA Poly III will affect the synthesis of tRNA.

Detailed explanation-2: -RNAP III uniquely synthesizes only short RNAs, most of which are tRNAs, but also include 5S rRNA, U6 snRNA, the short ncRNA component of RN’ases P, the mitochondrial RNA processing (MRP) RNA, the signal recognition particle SRP RNA [1], and in higher eukaryotes a number of micro and other small RNAs [2].

Detailed explanation-3: -RNA polymerase (Pol) III transcribes small untranslated RNAs such as 5S ribosomal RNA, transfer RNAs, and U6 small nuclear RNA. Because of the functions of these RNAs, Pol III transcription is best known for its essential contribution to RNA maturation and translation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Termination of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III)-mediated transcription requires the conversion of an elongation complex (EC) to a pre-termination complex (PTC) on poly-deoxythymidine (dT)-containing non-template strand, a mechanism distinct from Pol I and Pol II.

Detailed explanation-5: -1. The arrest of elongating RNA polymerase 2 (RNAP2) on a transcription-blocking DNA lesion (TBL) triggers a series of cellular events. (a) Elongating RNAP2 runs into a TBL and stalls. (b) R-loops can be formed by the hybridization of pre-mRNA with template ssDNA adjacent to the transcription bubble.