NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In Prokaryotes, the 50S (23S component) ribosome subunit contains the peptidyl transferase component and acts as a ribozyme. The peptidyl transferase center on the 50S subunit lies at the lower tips (acceptor ends) of the A-and P-site tRNAs.

Detailed explanation-2: -It is situated in the enormous ribosomal subunit, where it catalyzes the peptide bond formation. It is made totally out of RNA. Complete answer: > Peptidyl transferase is the essential enzymatic capacity of the ribosome.

Detailed explanation-3: -The large ribosomal subunit contains the site of catalysis-the peptidyl transferase (PT) center-which is responsible for making peptide bonds during protein elongation and for the hydrolysis of peptidyl-tRNA (pept-tRNA) during the termination of protein synthesis.

Detailed explanation-4: -Type A streptogramins (i.e., dalfopristin) appear to bind to the free arms of the peptidyl transferase site in the 50S ribosomal subunit, blocking the addition of new amino acids from the aminoacyl-tRNA molecule to the growing peptide chain, inhibiting, therefore, the earliest process of elongation.

Detailed explanation-5: -The peptidyl transferase activity of the ribosome catalyzes peptide bond formation between the adjacent amino acids. Once fMet is bound to the second amino acid, it no longer binds to its tRNA. The ribosome translocates (facilitated by elongation factors) towards the 3′ end of the mRNA by one codon.