GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
|
Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
|
|
|
an RNA with enzymatic activity
|
|
|
an enzyme that synthesizes RNA as part of the transcription process
|
|
|
an enzyme that catalyzes the association between the large and small ribosomal subunits
|
|
|
an enzyme that uses RNA as a substrate
|
Detailed explanation-1: -Definition. Ribozymes are catalytically active RNA molecules or RNA–protein complexes, in which solely the RNA provides catalytic activity. The term ribozyme refers to the enzymatic activity and ribonucleic acid nature at the same time. Ribozymes are found in the genomes of species from all kingdoms of life.
Detailed explanation-2: -The excised IVS RNA can act as an enzyme to catalyze sequence-specific cleavage and ligation reactions on substrate RNA molecules. The RNA polymerization activity of the IVS supports the possibility that RNA catalysis could have been important in establishing a prebiotic self-replicating system.
Detailed explanation-3: -RNA molecules that act as enzymes are called ribozymes.
Detailed explanation-4: -Ribozymes are catalytic RNA molecules, first identified in the early 1980s. They have the intrinsic ability to break and form covalent bonds in RNA molecules. In many ways they can be compared to the protein enzymes which catalyze cleavage of peptide bonds in other proteins or peptides.
Detailed explanation-5: -Within the ribosome, ribozymes function as part of the large subunit ribosomal RNA to link amino acids during protein synthesis. They also participate in a variety of RNA processing reactions, including RNA splicing, viral replication, and transfer RNA biosynthesis.