NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When a tRNA recognizes and binds to its corresponding codon in the ribosome, the tRNA transfers the appropriate amino acid to the end of the growing amino acid chain. Then the tRNAs and ribosome continue to decode the mRNA molecule until the entire sequence is translated into a protein.

Detailed explanation-2: -Each tRNA molecule has two distinct ends, one of which binds to a specific amino acid, and the other which binds to the corresponding mRNA codon. During translation, these tRNAs carry amino acids to the ribosome and join with their complementary codons.

Detailed explanation-3: -tRNA functions as an adapter molecule during the translation process. It was earlier known as soluble RNA or sRNA. As an adapter, it links the amino acids to nucleic acids. It carries the amino acid to be added in the peptide chain and also deciphers the codon for the same in the mRNA molecule.

Detailed explanation-4: -The role of tRNA is to read the message of nucleic acids, or nucleotides, and to convert it into proteins or amino acids. Note: The method of generating a protein from the mRNA prototype is called translation. tRNAs are ribonucleic acids and are thus able to form hydrogen bonds with mRNA.

Detailed explanation-5: -The prime function of tRNA is to transfer amino acids to form the right sequence of the polypeptides. Hence, it assists protein synthesis. It also functions as an adapter molecule to link specific amino acids to the respective codons located in the mRNA molecules. Every amino acid defines a particular tRNA.