NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Medulla oblongata is the centre of heart beat regulation in the brain. Neural signals through sympathetic nerves can increase the rate of heartbeat and through parasympathetic nerves, the rate of heart beat can be decreased. Both these nerves are a part of the autonomic nervous system (ANS).

Detailed explanation-2: -Medulla oblongata in the brain is responsible for this ANS activity. ANS consists of two nerves-sympathetic nerves and parasympathetic nerves, which contradict each other. Stimulation of sympathetic nerves leads to stronger ventricular and atrial contraction which increases the cardiac output.

Detailed explanation-3: -A special neural centre in the medulla oblongata can moderate the cardiac function through autonomic nervous system (ANS).

Detailed explanation-4: -Cardioaccelerator and cardioinhibitory areas are components of the paired cardiac centers located in the medulla oblongata of the brain. They innervate the heart via sympathetic cardiac nerves that increase cardiac activity and vagus (parasympathetic) nerves that slow cardiac activity.