NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The myelin sheath is characterized by a high proportion of lipids (70%–85%) and consequently a low proportion of proteins (15%–30%). In contrast, most biological membranes have approximatively equivalent ratio of proteins to lipids (50% lipid/50% protein) [8].

Detailed explanation-2: -Myelin is an insulating layer, or sheath that forms around nerves, including those in the brain and spinal cord. It is made up of protein and fatty substances. This myelin sheath allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -Myelin is composed of about 40% water and the dry mass is composed of about 80% lipids and 20% protein. The mainly lipid composition of the myelin gives it a white hue, hence the reference to the brain’s “white matter.” The main lipid found in myelin is a glycolipid called galactocerebroside.

Detailed explanation-4: -Myelin is a lipid-rich substance that surrounds some axons within the central and peripheral nervous systems. The sheath is formed by wrapping multiple layers of the cellular membrane (mainly lipoprotein) of the myelin-producing cells.