NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -What is diabetes mellitus? Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the body does not produce enough of the hormone insulin, resulting in high levels of sugar in the bloodstream.

Detailed explanation-2: -Insulin is a key player in developing type 2 diabetes. This vital hormone-you can’t survive without it-regulates blood sugar (glucose) in the body, a very complicated process.

Detailed explanation-3: -Diabetes occurs when the pancreas, a gland behind the stomach, does not produce enough of the hormone insulin, or the body cannot use insulin properly. Insulin helps carry sugar from the bloodstream into the cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -Type 1 diabetes (T1D) happens when your body’s immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in your pancreas for an unknown reason. T1D is an autoimmune and chronic disease, and people with T1D have to inject synthetic insulin to live and be healthy.

Detailed explanation-5: -Insulin is a peptide hormone secreted by the cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and maintains normal blood glucose levels by facilitating cellular glucose uptake, regulating carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism and promoting cell division and growth through its mitogenic effects.