NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Acid reflux occurs when the sphincter muscle at the lower end of your esophagus relaxes at the wrong time, allowing stomach acid to back up into your esophagus. This can cause heartburn and other signs and symptoms. Frequent or constant reflux can lead to GERD .

Detailed explanation-2: -A band of muscle fibers, the lower esophageal sphincter, closes off the esophagus from the stomach. If the sphincter does not close properly, food and liquid can move backward into the esophagus and cause heartburn and other symptoms known as gastroesophageal disease (GERD).

Detailed explanation-3: -The LES stays closed except during swallowing, when it allows food to pass from the esophagus into the stomach. When the LES is closed, it prevents the backflow (reflux) of stomach acid into the esophagus. If the LES does not close tightly enough, stomach acid backs up into the esophagus, causing heartburn.

Detailed explanation-4: -Because of the two structures it joins, the lower esophageal sphincter is also known as the gastroesophageal sphincter or gastroesophageal junction. Because of its closeness to the heart, it is also known as the cardiac sphincter.

Detailed explanation-5: -The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is a bundle of involuntary muscles. It sits right where the lower end of your esophagus, the tube that links your mouth and stomach, connects to the stomach.