NEET BIOLOGY

HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY

DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
By which process do fatty acids and glycerol enter the epithelial cells of the ileum?
A
Endocytosis
B
Simple Diffusion
C
Facilitated Diffusion
D
Active Transport
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Short-chain fatty acids are relatively water soluble and can enter the absorptive cells (enterocytes) directly. The small size of short-chain fatty acids enables them to be absorbed by enterocytes via simple diffusion, and then take the same path as monosaccharides and amino acids into the blood capillary of a villus.

Detailed explanation-2: -Fattyacids and glycerol first incorporated into small droplets called micelles, which move into the intestinal mucosa. They are re-formed into very small protein coated fat globules called the chylomicrons.

Detailed explanation-3: -Lipases break down the lipids into fatty acids and glycerides. These molecules can pass through the plasma membrane of the cell, entering the epithelial cells of the intestinal lining. The bile salts surround long-chain fatty acids and monoglycerides, forming tiny spheres called micelles.

Detailed explanation-4: -These fatty acids and glycerol and water-insoluble molecules. Their absorption in the small intestines takes place in the form of micelles. These micelles are soluble in nature. By the formation of micelles, the fatty acids and glycerol are absorbed into the intestinal cell.

Detailed explanation-5: -Emulsification increases the surface area of lipids over a thousand-fold, making them more accessible to the digestive enzymes. Once the stomach contents have been emulsified, fat-breaking enzymes work on the triglycerides and diglycerides to sever fatty acids from their glycerol foundations.

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