NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Active transport requires energy for the movement of molecules whereas passive transport does not require energy for the movement of molecules. In active transport, the molecules move against the concentration gradient whereas in passive transport, the molecules move along the concentration gradient.

Detailed explanation-2: -To move substances against a concentration or electrochemical gradient, a cell must use energy. Active transport mechanisms do just this, expending energy (often in the form of ATP) to maintain the right concentrations of ions and molecules in living cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -Active transport uses energy for the mobility of the molecules in and out of the cellular membranes and therefore remains active, whereas in passive transport the molecules do not use any energy for their movements and so they are known as passive.

Detailed explanation-4: -Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane in the direction against their concentration gradient using energy. Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.