NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The enzyme that converts starch into maltose is amylase. Maltose is a disaccharide made up of two glucose units, whereas starch is polysaccharide made up of amylose and amylopectin.

Detailed explanation-2: -Dietary starch is a polysaccharide consisting of long chains of glucose molecules. Amylose makes up about 20% of starch in the diet and is broken down at the -1, 4 bonds by salivary (i.e., ptyalin) and pancreatic amylases that convert amylose to maltotriose and maltose.

Detailed explanation-3: -The salivary gland is the first site of digestion and it secretes saliva that has salivary amylase also called ptyalin. It converts starch (polysaccharide) into maltose (disaccharide). Later, starch is broken down by enzymes present in the intestine and pancreas-such as maltases and pancreatic amylase, respectively.

Detailed explanation-4: -During digestion, starches and sugars are broken down both mechanically (e.g. through chewing) and chemically (e.g. by enzymes) into the single units glucose, fructose, and/or galactose, which are absorbed into the blood stream and transported for use as energy throughout the body.