NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -HCl is an important component in gastric juice. It is a strong acid produced by the parietal cells in the corpus generating a gastric pH of 2-3[1]. Activation of pepsin and absorption of nutrients relies on an acidic pH in the stomach.

Detailed explanation-2: -In order to neutralize the acidic chyme, a hormone called secretin stimulates the pancreas to produce alkaline bicarbonate solution and deliver it to the duodenum.

Detailed explanation-3: -Gastric acid secretion is regulated by three local hormones: acetylcholine, gastrin, and histamine. Of these three, acetylcholine has the largest effect. Parietal cells, G cells, and enterochromaffin-like cells are stimulated by acetylcholine released in response to vagus nerve simulation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Gastrin is a peptide hormone primarily responsible for enhancing gastric mucosal growth, gastric motility, and secretion of hydrochloric acid (HCl) into the stomach. It is present in G cells of the gastric antrum and duodenum.