NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hypocalcemia: Hypocalcemia happens when the levels of calcium in your blood are too low. It’s the most common cause of tetany. The calcium in your blood helps your nerves work, helps make your muscles squeeze together, helps your blood clot if you’re bleeding and helps your heart work properly.

Detailed explanation-2: -The most common causes of tetany are hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, and alkalosis. Most case reports of tetany in the literature include some combination of the above metabolic derangements leading to non-life-threatening symptoms.

Detailed explanation-3: -Two types of tetany are distinguished: manifest and latent (spasmophilia). The former, due to hypocalcemia, is relatively rare and usually postoperative (parathyroid tetany), while the mechanism of the much more common latent tetany or spasmophilia involves hyperventilation and magnesium deficiency.

Detailed explanation-4: -The symptoms of tetany may be mild (perioral numbness, paresthesias of the hands and feet, muscle cramps) or severe (carpopedal spasm, laryngospasm, and focal or generalized seizures, which must be distinguished from the generalized tonic muscle contractions that occur in severe tetany) (table 1).