NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Nitrifying bacteria convert the most reduced form of soil nitrogen, ammonia, into its most oxidized form, nitrate. In itself, this is important for soil ecosystem function, in controlling losses of soil nitrogen through leaching and denitrification of nitrate.

Detailed explanation-2: -Ammonia is converted to nitrite by Nitrosomonas bacteria.

Detailed explanation-3: -Soil bacteria that change ammonia or ammonium into nitrite or change nitrite into nitrate as part of the nitrogen cycle is called as nitrifying bacteria. Nitrification is an aerobic process performed by small groups of autotrophic bacteria and archaea.

Detailed explanation-4: -Nitrification is the process that converts ammonia to nitrite and then to nitrate and is another important step in the global nitrogen cycle.

Detailed explanation-5: -Nitrification is the biological oxidation of ammonia to nitrite followed by the oxidation of the nitrite to nitrate occurring through separate organisms or direct ammonia oxidation to nitrate in comammox bacteria. The transformation of ammonia to nitrite is usually the rate limiting step of nitrification.