NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -C4 plants have a unique leaf anatomy including two types of photosynthetic cells: bundle-sheath cells and mesophyll cells, where as C3 plants contain only mesophyll cells. In the C4 plants, the Calvin cycle occurs in the bundle-sheath cells (in C3 plants this occurs in the mesophyll cells).

Detailed explanation-2: -In C4 plants, calvin cycle occurs in bundle sheath cells and not in mesophyll cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -C4 plants have a distinctive leaf anatomy (Kranz anatomy), with chloroplast-rich bundle-sheath cells, which form a gas-tight cylinder surrounding the vascular bundle.

Detailed explanation-4: -In C4 plants the photosynthesis takes place in a thin-walled mesophyll cell and a 4-carbon acid is handed off to a thick-walled bundle sheath cell, where the Calvin cycle occurs in a chloroplast of that second cell. This protects Calvin cycle from the effects of photorespiration.

Detailed explanation-5: -In C4 photosynthesis, where a four-carbon compound is produced, unique leaf anatomy allows carbon dioxide to concentrate in ‘bundle sheath’ cells around Rubisco. This structure delivers carbon dioxide straight to Rubisco, effectively removing its contact with oxygen and the need for photorespiration.