NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -NADPH will travel to the Calvin cycle, where its electrons are used to build sugars from carbon dioxide.

Detailed explanation-2: -The chloroplasts present in the plants also use NADPH as a part of the pathway to synthesize sugars from the sunlight and also from the carbon dioxide. Likewise, in other reactions, NADPH carries electrons and protons into the new carbon-carbon bonds, creating sugar molecules.

Detailed explanation-3: -In the second stage, ATP and NADPH are used to convert the 3-PGA molecules into molecules of a three-carbon sugar, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P). This stage gets its name because NADPH donates electrons to, or reduces, a three-carbon intermediate to make G3P.

Detailed explanation-4: -At the end of a short second electron transport chain, NADP+ molecules in the stroma pick up the high-energy electrons and H+ ions at the outer surface of the thylakoid membrane to become NADPH.

Detailed explanation-5: -Because NADH and NADPH are electron carriers, it is important to recognise both reduced and oxidised forms. Given the reduced forms of NADH and NADPH shown above, draw the oxidised forms, and show where the :H-is incorporated in the molecule in the reduced form.