NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Chloroplasts and photosynthetic bacteria obtain high-energy electrons by means of photosystems that capture the electrons that are excited when sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll molecules.

Detailed explanation-2: -Carbon dioxide (CO 2), being a non-polar molecule, cross the cell membrane of the leaf and chloroplast to reach the chloroplast’s stroma, where photosynthesis occurs.

Detailed explanation-3: -Photosynthetic cells contain chlorophyll and other light-sensitive pigments that capture solar energy. In the presence of carbon dioxide, such cells are able to convert this solar energy into energy-rich organic molecules, such as glucose.

Detailed explanation-4: -In the light-dependent reactions, energy absorbed by sunlight is stored by two types of energy-carrier molecules: ATP and NADPH. The energy that these molecules carry is stored in a bond that holds a single atom to the molecule. For ATP, it is a phosphate atom, and for NADPH, it is a hydrogen atom.

Detailed explanation-5: -Photosynthesis is the process in which light energy is converted to chemical energy in the form of sugars. In a process driven by light energy, glucose molecules (or other sugars) are constructed from water and carbon dioxide, and oxygen is released as a byproduct.