NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The dark phase does not require the activation of sunlight and it occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast.

Detailed explanation-2: -The light independent process (also called dark reactions or the Calvin-Benson cycle) takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast. Carbon dioxide is modified by series of chemical reactions to form carbohydrates.

Detailed explanation-3: -The reactions that make up the process of photosynthesis can be divided into light-dependent reactions, which take place in the thylakoids, and light-independent reactions (also known as dark reactions or the Calvin cycle), which take place in the stroma.

Detailed explanation-4: -The light reaction takes place in the thylakoid discs. There, water (H20) is oxidized, and oxygen (O2) is released. The electrons freed up from water are transfered to ATP and NADPH. The dark reaction occurs outside of the thylakoids.

Detailed explanation-5: -The dark reactions of photosynthesis occur in the stroma (aqueous fluid surrounding the stacks of thylakoids) of the chloroplast where they utilize the products of the light reaction. In the dark reaction, plants use carbon dioxide with ATP and NADPH from the light reactions to produce glucose.