NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Fruit and leaf drop at early stages can be prevented by the application of the plant hormone or plant growth regulator (PGR) Auxin (Indole-3-acetic acid or IAA). They also promote abscission of mature and older leaves.

Detailed explanation-2: -Auxin delays abscission of young leaves and fruits. Its effect is through non-formation of abscission zone below a leaf or fruit. Abscission zone cuts off nutrients and water supply. However, auxin promotes the abscission of mature or older leaves and fruits.

Detailed explanation-3: -The use of auxins prevents dropping of fruit by maintaining the cells at the zone of abscission, preventing the synthesis of hydrolytic enzymes such as cellulose, which decompose the cell wall (Modise et al., 2009. Thuma, and R.

Detailed explanation-4: -Solution : We should apply auxin exogenously at the base of petiole of leaves and at the base of stalk of fruits to prevent leaf fall and fruit drop in plants as auxin prevents the formation of abscission zone.

Detailed explanation-5: -Final Answer: Auxins helps in preventing the premature falling of fruit and leaf at early stages.