NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -These plants start life in the canopy as epiphytes and grow down to the ground. Hemiepiphytes grow extremely slowly due to dry conditions in the canopy but once the roots reach the ground and tap into the nutrients of the leaf litter, growth rates accelerate.

Detailed explanation-2: -Earth Floor: Biomes. Although tropical rainforests receive 12 hours of sunlight daily, less than 2% of that sunlight ever reaches the ground. The tropical rainforest has dense vegetation, often forming three different layers–the canopy, the understory, and the ground layer.

Detailed explanation-3: -The researchers found that the rainforest structure stems from what happens after a tall tree falls and creates a gap in the canopy. The gap enables sunlight to reach the forest floor and fuel the rapid growth of small trees.

Detailed explanation-4: -Lianas are vines that start life on the ground as small (maximum height of about 3 feet-1 m), self-supporting shrubs. In order to reach the light of the canopy, these shrubs send out tendrils to grab onto sapling trees. As the sapling grows, the liana clings on and both the tree and the liana reach the canopy together.