NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -To date the role of cytokinins (CKs) in the fruit development is less understood. Here, we showed that parthenocarpic fruit could be induced by 1-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-3-phenylurea (CPPU, an active CK) in tomato (Solanumlycopersicum cv.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cytokinin affects the expression of cell cycle-related genes and cellular processes that can initiate parthenocarpy and subsequent fruit development (Matsuo et al. 2012; Fu et al.

Detailed explanation-3: -Plant hormones such as auxin can induce parthenocarpy in various plants, including cucumber, tomato, and muskmelon (Mariotti et al., 2011).

Detailed explanation-4: -The spontaneous or chemically induced generation of fruit without ovule fertilisation is known as parthenocarpy. As a result, the fruit is seedless. Any of the plant hormones gibberellin, auxin, and cytokinin, when sprayed on flowers, will commonly induce the growth of parthenocarpic fruit.

Detailed explanation-5: -Cytokinins (CKs) are plant hormones known to be key regulators of various aspects of plant growth and development, including cell division, leaf senescence, apical dominance, lateral root formation, stress tolerance, and nutritional signalling (Werner et al., 2003; Sakakibara, 2006; Argueso et al., 2009).