NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Cytokinins are plant hormones which promotes cytokinesis or cell division. It also helps in opening of stomata, delaying ageing in leaves, etc.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cytokinin positively regulates cell division and also serves a key role in establishing organization within shoot stem cell centers. Both auxin-dependent and auxin-independent mechanisms have been uncovered by which cytokinin stimulates the endocycle in roots.

Detailed explanation-3: -Auxins function primarily in stem elongation by promoting cell growth. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is the major naturally occurring auxin and one of the major growth factors in plants. They were the first group of plant growth hormones discovered. Auxins serve dual roles in plants depending on where they are produced.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cytokinins are essential plant hormones. By stimulating cell division, they regulate shoot meristem size, leaf primordia number, and leaf and shoot growth. They can stimulate both the differentiation and the outgrowth of axillary buds. The cytokinins can mediate axillary bud release from apical dominance.

Detailed explanation-5: -Auxin promotes cell division and meristem maintenance and also plays an important role in the establishment of cellular patterning. Plant development thus integrates the regulation of cell proliferation and growth with further cell expansion and differentiation.