NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Guard cells open and close stomata by expanding and contracting, which causes pore size to change. Osmosis, which depends on the potassium concentration in the cells, rushes water into the guard cells for stomata opening.

Detailed explanation-2: -When the guard cells are turgid, stomata are open and when they are flaccid, stomata are closed. When the osmotic concentration of guard cells is more, the water enters into them from their adjacent cells by endosmosis which results into the increase in their turgor pressure.

Detailed explanation-3: -Light induces the opening of stomata to enhance CO2 uptake, while drought causes stomata to close, thereby limiting water loss through transpiration.

Detailed explanation-4: -Stomata are pores on the leaf surface, which are formed by a pair of curved, tubular guard cells; an increase in turgor pressure deforms the guard cells, resulting in the opening of the stomata.

Detailed explanation-5: -The opening and closing of stomata is regulated by the integration of environmental signals and endogenous hormonal stimuli. The various different factors to which the guard cells respond translates into the complexity of the network of signaling pathways that control stomatal movements.