NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Through photosynthesis, they use sunlight and carbon dioxide to make food, belching out the oxygen that we breathe as a byproduct. This evolutionary innovation is so central to plant identity that nearly all land plants use the same pores-called stomata-to take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.

Detailed explanation-2: -Higher than ambient CO2 concentrations mediate a closure of stomatal pores in plants and conversely, low CO2 concentrations trigger opening of stomatal pores.

Detailed explanation-3: -On the underside of leaves and elsewhere, depending on the plant, are tiny openings called stomata-thousands of them per leaf with variations by plant species. Like little castle gates, pairs of cells on the sides of the stomatal pore-known as guard cells-open their central pore to take in the carbon dioxide.

Detailed explanation-4: -Plants use photosynthesis to capture carbon dioxide and then release half of it into the atmosphere through respiration. Plants also release oxygen into the atmosphere through photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-5: -Closing and opening of stomata help in the exchange of gases between the plant its surrounding. It facilitates the entry of carbon dioxide into the plant and removal of oxygen from the plant. Carbon dioxide that enters the plant through stomata is a primary raw material for photosynthesis.