NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Calvin cycle is the term used for the reactions of photosynthesis that use the energy stored by the light-dependent reactions to form glucose and other carbohydrate molecules.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma and uses the ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to fix carbon dioxide, producing three-carbon sugars-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, or G3P, molecules. The Calvin cycle converts ATP to ADP and Pi, and it converts NADPH to NADP+.

Detailed explanation-3: -The first process of this process is to entrap light. This step occurs as light reactions that involve photophosphorylation reactions involving photosystems I and II. The entrapped light is used in the formation of energy such as ATP and NADH.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Calvin cycle uses carbon dioxide molecules as well as ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to make sugars. The reactions of the Calvin cycle use ATP and NADPH as energy sources.

Detailed explanation-5: -The initial stage is called the light reactions as they occur only in the presence of light. During these initial reactions, water is used and oxygen is released. The energy from sunlight is converted into a small amount of ATP and an energy carrier called NADPH.