NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When guard cells are turgid, stomata open and when they are flaccid, stomata close. The opening and closing of stomata regulate the rate of transpiration. The stomata open during the day and close during the night. Stomata permit the plant to give out oxygen and take carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-2: -When water flows into the guard cells, it swells up and causes the stomata to open. When the guard cells lose water, they shrink and become flaccid and straight causing the closure of stomata.

Detailed explanation-3: -When the two guard cells are turgid (swollen with water), the stoma is open, and, when the two guard cells are flaccid, it is closed.

Detailed explanation-4: -Each stoma is surrounded by a pair of sausage-shaped guard cells. In bright light the guard cells take in water by osmosis and become plump and turgid . In low light the guard cells lose water and become flaccid, causing the stomata to close.