NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Xylem is a complex permanent tissue specialized for transport of water and minerals. The cells of xylem are dead at maturity and devoid of protoplasm except for xylem parenchyma cells, which are living cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -Xylem is dead at maturity, while phloem is living. All other answer choices are true. Xylem is also thicker and more rigid, which allows for greater pressure during water transport. It provides a strong support structure for the plant, enabling taller growth.

Detailed explanation-3: -It consists of vessels, tracheids, xylem fibres and xylem parenchyma. Except for xylem parenchyma, all other components of xylem tissue are dead. Xylem parenchyma contains parenchymatous cells having a fully functional nucleus and are capable of performing various life processes.

Detailed explanation-4: -Mature phloem is a live tissue, whereas xylem is dead when mature. Explain why it is necessary for phloem to be alive to be functional, whereas xylem can function as dead tissue.

Detailed explanation-5: -At maturity, the protoplast – the living material of the cell – dies and disappears, but the lignified cell walls persist. A vessel element is then a dead cell, but one that still has a function, and is still being protected by surrounding living cells.