NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -They absorb mineral ions by active transport, against the concentration gradient. Root hair cells are adapted for taking up water and mineral ions by having a large surface area to increase the rate of absorption.

Detailed explanation-2: -Active transport is the process that helps to move the molecules against a concentration gradient. So, the active transport is the process that moves mineral ions into root hair cells through membrane proteins.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mineral ions must be transported against a concentration gradient. Active transport ensures that the required mineral ions are absorbed from the dilute solutions within the soil into the root hair cells. This process requires energy.

Detailed explanation-4: -Plants absorb water and minerals from the soil via their roots. The root hairs on roots increase the surface area of roots to facilitate absorption of water and minerals that are dissolved in the soil water. The xylem then conducts the absorbed water and minerals from the roots to the shoot system.