NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Active transport is the process that helps to move the molecules against a concentration gradient. So, the active transport is the process that moves mineral ions into root hair cells through membrane proteins.

Detailed explanation-2: -Mineral ions must be transported against a concentration gradient. Active transport ensures that the required mineral ions are absorbed from the dilute solutions within the soil into the root hair cells. This process requires energy.

Detailed explanation-3: -They cannot be absorbed by diffusion, because the minerals are in very low concentration. Instead, active transport is used. The root hair cells have carrier molecules on their cell membranes. These pick up the mineral ions and move them across the membrane into the cell against the concentration gradient.

Detailed explanation-4: -Mineral ions in the soil move to roots via fungal hyphae (mutualism), mass flow of water in the soil carrying ions and the diffusion of mineral ions.

Detailed explanation-5: -Substances can move into the root in several ways, with the principal method being osmosis. During osmosis free-water molecules pass from the soil into the epidermal cells, using the root-hair membrane.