NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -As its area is broad, the lamina helps in the absorption of sunlight and carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts that have chlorophyll present in them. It is the chlorophyll that absorbs light energy from the sun.

Detailed explanation-2: -The xylem cells make up a tube starting from the leaves, down the stem, till the roots. This creates a drinking straw from which the water travels from the roots to the leaves. Hence, if the rate of transpiration increase, the uptake of water from the roots and the shoots also increases.

Detailed explanation-3: -The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the leaf (as well as the loss of water vapor in transpiration) occurs through pores called stomata (singular = stoma).

Detailed explanation-4: -In plants and algae, which developed much later, photosynthesis occurs in a specialized intracellular organelle-the chloroplast. Chloroplasts perform photosynthesis during the daylight hours. The immediate products of photosynthesis, NADPH and ATP, are used by the photosynthetic cells to produce many organic molecules.