NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When stomata are open, however, water vapor is lost to the external environment, increasing the rate of transpiration. Therefore, plants must maintain a balance between gas exchange and water loss. Water stress, high temperatures, and high carbon dioxide concentration causes stomata to close.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stomata are tiny holes found in the underside of leaves. They control water loss and gas exchange by opening and closing. They allow water vapour and oxygen out of the leaf and carbon dioxide into the leaf.

Detailed explanation-3: -Water content from cells closer to guard cells can also affect stomatal opening and closure. For example, low humidity or doubt can affect the water content of surrounding epidermal cells, reducing the water potential of guard cells and promoting stomata closure.

Detailed explanation-4: -Although the surface of a leaf may look smooth, it is lined with tiny openings called stomata. When stomata are open, water vapor and other gases, such as oxygen, are released into the atmosphere through them.

Detailed explanation-5: -Both of these predictions – stomatal closure and stomatal opening – are in fact correct: following an increase in water loss or a decrease in water supply, stomata transiently ‘pop open’ before eventually closing (e.g. Fig. 3).