NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The presence of trichome hairs on the surface of xerophytic plants is an adaptation so as to survive in xeric habitats. Trichomes help in the reduction of the rate of transpiration and limit water loss.

Detailed explanation-2: -Trichomes may limit water loss by transpiration through an increase of the leaf–air boundary layer resistance (Palliotti et al., 1994; Guerfel et al., 2009; Mo et al., 2016).

Detailed explanation-3: -In many xerophytes, a dense indumentum of dead air-filled hairs covers the leaves. The hairs (trichomes) reflect radiation and thereby reduce leaf temperature, and they increase the thickness of the boundary layer, which reduces transpiration.

Detailed explanation-4: -Trichomes can be insulating by keeping frost away from leaf cells. They can help reduce evaporation by protecting the plant from wind and heat. In many cases, trichomes protect plants from herbivorous insects that may want to feed on them.

Detailed explanation-5: -A Trichome is an epidermal “hair". Trichomes can be singular or multicellular. A major function of the trichome is thought to be in plant defense against insects. Chemicals produced in the glandular tip can deter feeding or the trichome can physically prevent the insect from reaching and feeding on the leaf.