NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Sieve tube members and companion cells are connected through plasmodesmata. Plasmodesmata consists of channels between cell walls of adjacent plant cells for transport and cell to cell recognition.

Detailed explanation-2: -Phloem is referred to as vascular tissue. It helps plants in translocation. Translocation is referred to as the transportation of food and nutrients inside the plant body. Phloem has three main components, phloem fibers, sieve elements, and phloem parenchyma cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -The cotransport of a proton with sucrose allows movement of sucrose against its concentration gradient into the companion cells. occurs. From the companion cells, the sugar diffuses into the phloem sieve-tube elements through the plasmodesmata that link the companion cell to the sieve tube elements.

Detailed explanation-4: -The sugar in the form of sucrose is moved into the companion cells and then into the living phloem sieve tube cells by active transport.

Detailed explanation-5: -Companion cells function to load and unload sugars into the cavity of sieve tube members.