NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Crossing over is an enzyme-mediated process, where the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes takes place. It occurs at the pachytene stage of prophase I of meiosis.

Detailed explanation-2: -Crossing over (recombination) only occurs during Prophase 1 of Meiosis because at this point homologous chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell. Thus, the aligned chromosomes are able to have their legs intertwine with that of the chromosome beside them, in order for crossing over to occur.

Detailed explanation-3: -Crossing over occurs during the pachytene stage of prophase in meiosis, however the chiasma are visible during. No worries!

Detailed explanation-4: -Explanation: During prophase I, homologous chromosomes pair with each other and exchange genetic material in a process called chromosomal crossover. The exchange occurs in segments over a small region of homology (similarity in sequence, ie., the same alleles).

Detailed explanation-5: -During meiosis, crossing-over occurs at the pachytene stage, when homologous chromosomes are completely paired. At diplotene, when homologs separate, the sites of crossing-over become visible as chiasmata, which hold the two homologs of a bivalent together until segregation at anaphase I.