NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Each sex cell has one chromosome from each original pair. When sex cells combine to form an organism, each sex cell contributes half the normal number of chromosomes. Thus, the offspring gets the normal number of chromosomes-half from each parent.

Detailed explanation-2: -During meiosis, the chromosome pairs are separated and distributed to produce two different sex cells. Each sex cell has only one chromosome from each pair. When they combine, each sex cell contributes half the number of chromosomes to produce offspring with the correct number of chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-3: -If a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell, the nuclei of the two cells combine. A new cell with a complete set of genetic information is produced – one half is from the mother, and the other half is from the father. The fertilized egg cell can now start developing into a baby.

Detailed explanation-4: -Gametes contain half the chromosomes contained in normal diploid cells of the body, which are also known as somatic cells. Haploid gametes are produced during meiosis, which is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a parent diploid cell by half.

Detailed explanation-5: -Gametes are reproductive cells, such as sperm and egg. As gametes are produced, the number of chromosomes must be reduced by half. Why? The zygote must contain genetic information from the mother and from the father, so the gametes must contain half of the chromosomes found in normal body cells.