NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Guard cells. Hint: Chloroplast is the double membrane bounded green colour subcellular plant organelle which is a type of plastid, it performs photosynthesis due to presence of a green colour pigment called chlorophyll that captures the radiant energy which comes from the sun.

Detailed explanation-2: -Guard cells are specialized plant cells in the epidermis of leaves, stems and other organs that are used to control gas exchange. They are produced in pairs with a gap between them that forms a stomatal pore.

Detailed explanation-3: -Guard cells are pairs of epidermal cells that control gas diffusion by regulating the opening and closure of stomatal pores. Guard cells, like other types of plant cells, are surrounded by a three-dimensional, extracellular network of polysaccharide-based wall polymers.

Detailed explanation-4: -Guard cells possess chloroplasts, involved in the photosynthesis as well. Epidermal cells are living cells covering the outside surface of the herbaceous plants. They contain a thick covering of cutin, which reduces the water loss from plants. Epidermal cells in roots are specialized for water and ion absorption.

Detailed explanation-5: -In higher plants the majority of chloroplasts are found in the leaf mesophyll tissue. The presence of chloroplasts in the epidermis of some higher plant species, including tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), is also generally accepted (Shaw and MacLachlan, 1954; Dupree et al., 1991; Brunkard et al., 2015).