NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Parietal or oxyntic cells, which secrete HCl and intrinsic factor (factor essential for absorption of vitamin B12). The mucus and bicarbonates present in the gastric juice play an important role in lubrication and protection of the mucosal epithelium from excoriation by the highly concentrated hydrochloric acid.

Detailed explanation-2: -Parietal cells are responsible for gastric acid secretion, which aids in the digestion of food, absorption of minerals, and control of harmful bacteria.

Detailed explanation-3: -The interior face of the stomach is lined by one of the most highly organized populations of epithelial cells in the body. These cells are responsible for the secretion of acid, pepsinogen and mucus into the lumen.

Detailed explanation-4: -The mucus is secreted by the glands of stomach mucosa that makes a covering over the wall of the stomach, which protects the lining of the stomach from the harmful action of HCl.

Detailed explanation-5: -The self-renewing epithelium of the stomach body contains 4 types of terminally differentiated cells that are replaced at different rates: oxyntic (parietal) cells, zymogenic (chief) cells, surface mucous foveolar (pit) cells, and hormone-secreting enteroendocrine cells.