NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Karl Landsteiner discovered why: when different people’s blood was mixed, the red blood cells sometimes clumped. He explained in 1901 that people have different types of red blood cells, that is, there are different blood groups. The discovery led to safe blood transfusions between people with compatible blood groups.

Detailed explanation-2: -The breakthrough came when Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian scientist, discovered three human blood groups. These were the A, B and O blood groups. For this discovery he was awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1930.

Detailed explanation-3: -Landsteiner classified the blood in four groups. In 1901, he published a paper about discovery of ABO blood groups (1) (Table 1). Before this, Landsteiner had claimed that blood groups are inherited (2). Because of his valuable discovery, he won the Nobel Prize in medicine, in 1930.

Detailed explanation-4: -Initially, Landsteiner recognized three different blood types: A, B, and C. The C-blood type was later more commonly called type-O. In 1902, one of Landsteiner’s students found a fourth blood type, AB, which triggered a reaction if introduced into either A or B blood.

Detailed explanation-5: -With his discovery of the ABO blood group system, Karl Landsteiner laid the foundation for modern day transfusion medicine. This discovery represents the basic knowledge for every blood transfusion. In recent years, certain blood groups have been linked to an increased risk for certain diseases.