NEET BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The body’s temperature is closely regulated. We sense temperature changes in the environment through specialized nerve cells in the outer layers of the skin. If we are too hot or too cold, our nervous system activates responses to help change our temperature. We can sweat to cool down or shiver to generate heat.

Detailed explanation-2: -Such changes in internal temperature are detected by specialized thermoreceptors located throughout the body core, including the viscera, brain, and spinal cord (Jessen, 1985).

Detailed explanation-3: -As a critical link between body and brain that relays visceral organ information and regulates numerous physiological functions, the vagus nerve has been proposed to mediate diverse visceral thermal reflexes and indirectly regulate body temperature.

Detailed explanation-4: -When skin temperature falls below a set-point, thermostat molecules in a nerve ending together generate error-dependent receptor potential for nerve impulses. These impulses run to the brain to activate its target neurons for “cold” and heat-seeking behaviors for error correction.

Detailed explanation-5: -We sense temperature in our environment through specialized nerve cells that project into the outer layers of the skin. Past research found that a type of ion channel called TRPV1 is activated by high temperature and capsaicin, the substance that makes chili peppers hot.