NEET PG DENTAL EXAM

Detailed explanation-1: -The alveolus is composed of alveolar epithelial type 1 cells, alveolar epithelial type 2 cells and capillary cells. Type 1 cells are large, squamous epithelial cells that cover  95% of the alveolar surface area. Type 2 cells produce surfactant and play a role in maintenance of lung fluid balance.

Detailed explanation-2: -The bronchioles are lined by simple columnar to the cuboidal epithelium, and the alveoli possess a lining of thin squamous epithelium that allows for gas exchange.

Detailed explanation-3: -Simple squamous epithelium This type of epithelia lines the inner surface of all blood vessels (endothelium), forms the wall of alveolar sacs in the lung and lines the body cavities (mesothelium). The primary function of simple squamous epithelia is to facilitate diffusion of gases and small molecules.

Detailed explanation-4: -The endothelium of the surrounding capillaries, together with the alveolar epithelium, forms the respiratory membrane. This is a blood-air barrier through which gas exchange occurs by simple diffusion.