NEET PG DENTAL EXAM

Detailed explanation-1: -The aorta, where the artery wall contains a high proportion of elastin fibres, permits significant distension during systole. During diastole, blood is pushed forward through the arterial tree due to elastic recoil ensuring blood flow in one direction and smoothing of blood flow.

Detailed explanation-2: -During systole, when new blood is entering the arteries, the artery walls stretch to accommodate the increase of pressure of the extra blood; during diastole, the walls return to normal because of their elastic properties.

Detailed explanation-3: -Large elastic arteries store a portion of the stroke volume with each systole and discharge that volume with diastole. This phenomenon, known as the windkessel effect, helps to decrease the load on the heart and to minimize the systolic flow and maximize diastolic flow in the arterioles (Dobrin, 1978).