NEET PG DENTAL EXAM

Detailed explanation-1: -As keratinocytes move toward the surface of the skin, they go through changes. The keratinocytes get bigger and flatter and stick together (squamous cells), then eventually die. The dead squamous cells on the surface of the skin are constantly shed from the skin and replaced by new cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -Keratinocytes proliferate in the basal layer of the epidermis and start differentiating on their way to the surface, undergoing gradual differentiation. During this process, they profoundly change their morphology and start to produce keratin, cytokines, growth factors, interleukins and complement factors.

Detailed explanation-3: -Keratinocytes flatten as they move upwards in the epithelium, and keratins are thought to contribute to the morphological transformation of these cells through their intrinsic bundling properties, their association with filaggrin and their crosslinking to desmosomes and cornified envelopes2, 115.