OBJECTIVE FORESTRY

Detailed explanation-1: -Density-independent factors affect per capita growth rate independent of population density. Examples include natural disasters like forest fires.

Detailed explanation-2: -density-independent factor, also called limiting factor, in ecology, any force that affects the size of a population of living things regardless of the density of the population (the number of individuals per unit area).

Detailed explanation-3: -Environmental catastrophes such as fires, earthquakes, volcanoes and floods can strongly affect population growth rates via direct mortality and habitat destruction.

Detailed explanation-4: -Which limiting factors can affect population size? Limiting factors can be physical, biological, density dependent, or density independent. These factors include food, water, living space, disease, predation, and natural disasters.