OBJECTIVE FORESTRY

Detailed explanation-1: -The micro-organisms which convert the dead plants and animals to humus are known as decomposers like bacteria and fungi.

Detailed explanation-2: -As microbes are the carbon and nutrient mediators and, by reacting with abiotic conditions in the soil, they result in the formation of humus [7]. The fixation of nitrogen in the plant root zone and the plant cellular metabolism in photosynthesis and respiration are also affected by humus.

Detailed explanation-3: -The correct answer is Decomposers. The micro-organisms that convert the dead plants and animals to humus are known as decomposers.

Detailed explanation-4: -Decomposers play a critical role in the flow of energy through an ecosystem. They break apart dead organisms into simpler inorganic materials, making nutrients available to primary producers.